Characteristic analysis of a flash flood-affected creek catchment using LiDAR-derived DEM

Flooding occurred across a large area of southern and central Queensland in December 2010 and January 2011. Intense rainfall over the Gowrie Creek catchment caused severe flash flooding through the Toowoomba CBD (Central Business District) on the afternoon of Monday, 10 January 2011, taking lives and damaging the community. Flash floods are sudden and unexpected floods that arise from intense rainfall, generally over a small, steep catchment area. Smaller and steeper catchments have shorter critical storm duration, and they respond more quickly to rainfall events. The resulting flood wave is characterized by very high water flows and velocities and abrupt water level rises, leading to extremely hazardous conditions. Effective flash flood forecasting for specific locations is a big challenge because of the behaviour of intense thunderstorms. A flash flood forecasting and warning system calls for accurate spatial information on catchment characteristics. A high-resolution DEM is a key spatial dataset for the characterization of a catchment to design possible flood mitigation measures. The characteristics of a catchment have a strong influence on its hydrological response. The nature of floods is dependent on both the intensity and duration of the rainfall and the catchment characteristics such as catchment area, drainage patterns and waterway steepness. Therefore, analysis of catchment characteristics is critical for hydrologic modelling and planning for flood risk mitigation. The analysis of catchment characteristics can support hydrological modelling and planning for flood risk mitigation. For example, the shape indices of sub-catchments can be used to compare the hydrological behaviour of different subcatchments. The longitudinal profiles of the creeks illustrate the slope gradients of the waterways. A hypsometric curve for each sub-catchment provides an overall view of the slope of a catchment and is closely related to ground slope characteristics of a catchment. Airborne light detection and ranging (LiDAR), also referred to as airborne laser scanning (ALS), is one of the most effective means of terrain data collection. Using LiDAR data for generation of DEMs is becoming a standard practice in the spatial science community. This study used airborne LiDAR data to generate a high-resolution DEM for characteristic analysis of Gowrie Creek catchment in Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia, which was affected by a flash flood in January 2011. Drainage networks and sub-catchment boundaries were extracted from LiDAR-derived DEM. Catchment characteristics including sub-catchment areas and shape indices, longitudinal profiles of creeks and hypsometric curves of sub-catchments were calculated and analysed

Use of Coulter counter for counting ascospores of Neurospora

Use of Coulter counter for counting ascospore

Le pouvoir et l’appropriation des discours dans les constructions parlementaires au Canada : Le cas des débats sur la Loi sur l’Accord définitif Nisga’a

Cet article examine la ratification vivement contestée d’un traité entre l’État du Canada et la Première nation Nisga’a, communauté autochtone localisée sur la côte ouest de la Colombie-Britannique. Les thèmes de l’analyse sont la forme du débat parlementaire, l’invocation par les membres d’une autorité supposée et le choix de la langue en tant qu’outil stratégique. Le Parlement canadien se compose de deux assemblées, la Chambre des Communes, élue, et le Sénat, dont les membres sont nommés. En analysant le contexte idéologique entourant les débats sur la Loi sur l’Accord définitif Nisga’a, nous avons découvert des différences significatives entre les deux Chambres, dues, en grande partie, aux contextes structurellement différents des deux forums.This paper examines the hotly-contested ratification of a treaty between the state of Canada and the Nisga’a First Nation, an aboriginal community located in the west coast province of British Columbia. The form of Parliamentary debate in the bicameral legislature, the invocation of assumed authority by the members and the choice of language as a strategic tool provide themes in the analysis. The Canadian Parliament is comprised of two Houses, the elected House of Commons and the appointed Senate. In our analysis of the ideological context surrounding the debates on the Nisga’a Final Agreement, we found significant differences between the two Houses, in large part due to the differing structural contexts of the fora.Este artículo examina la ratificación fuertemente contestada de un Tratado entre Canadá y la Primera nación Nisga’a, comunidad autóctona localizada en la costa oriental de la Colombia británica. Los temas del análisis son: la forma del debate parlamentario, la invocación de una supuesta autoridad de sus miembros, y la selección de la lengua en tanto que herramienta estratégica. El parlamento canadiense está compuesto por dos asambleas: la Cámara de los Comunes, elegidos. Y el Senado, cuyos miembros son nombrados. Al analizar el contexto ideológico en torno de los debates sobre la Ley sobre el Acuerdo definitivo con los Nisga’a, hemos descubierto diferencias significativas entre las dos Cámaras, debidas en gran parte a los contextos estructuralmente diferentes de los dos foro

Passively mode-locked semiconductor laser for coherent population trapping in ⁸⁷Rb

Passively mode-locked semiconductor laser for coherent population trapping in <sup>87</sup>Rb is reported. The laser material used is a 793nm GaAs/Al<sub>x</sub>Ga<sub>1-x</sub>As single quantum well (QW) graded index separate confinement heterostructure

Suppression of pyr-3 mutants of Neurospora

Suppression of pyr-3 mutants of Neurospor

Suppression of pyr-3 mutants by arg-12 mutants

Suppression of pyr-3 mutants by arg-12 mutant

Observations of perpetual hyphal propagation in Neurospora crassa

Observations of perpetual hyphal propagation in Neurospora crass

The impact of varying statutory arrangements on spatial data sharing and access in regional NRM bodies

Spatial information plays an important role in many social, environmental and economic decisions and increasingly acknowledged as a national resource essential for wider societal and environmental benefits. Natural Resource Management is one area where spatial information can be used for improved planning and decision making processes. In Australia, state government organisations are the custodians of spatial information necessary for natural resource management and regional NRM bodies are responsible to regional delivery of NRM activities. The access and sharing of spatial information between government agencies and regional NRM bodies is therefore as an important issue for improving natural resource management outcomes. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the current status of spatial information access, sharing and use with varying statutory arrangements and its impacts on spatial data infrastructure (SDI) development in catchment management sector in Australia. Further, it critically examined whether any trends and significant variations exist due to different institutional arrangements (statutory versus non-statutory) or not. A survey method was used to collect primary data from 56 regional natural resource management (NRM) bodies responsible for catchment management in Australia. Descriptive statistics method was used to show the similarities and differences between statutory and non-statutory arrangements. The key factors which influence sharing and access to spatial information are also explored. The results show the current statutory and administrative arrangements and regional focus for natural resource management is reasonable from a spatial information management perspective and provides an opportunity for building SDI at the catchment scale. However, effective institutional arrangements should align catchment SDI development activities with sub-national and national SDI development activities to address catchment management issues. We found minor differences in spatial information access, use and sharing due to varying institutional environment (statutory versus non-statutory). The non-statutory group appears to be more flexible and self-sufficient whilst statutory regional NRM bodies may lack flexibility in their spatial information management practices. We found spatial information access, use and sharing has significant impacts on spatial data infrastructure development in catchment management sector in Australia